What was your favorite toy growing up? This paradox claims that memory—and every other one—is just a random fluctuation.

Was an incredible drop in entropy responsible for the Big Bang? If that’s the case, this w Was an incredible drop in entropy responsible for the Big Bang? If that’s the case, this would lead us to ...

In a recent paper, SFI Professor David Wolpert, SFI Fractal Faculty member Carlo Rovelli, and physicist Jordan Scharnhorst examine a longstanding, paradoxical thought experiment in statistical physics ...

TRUST your senses. Any theory that lets bizarre brains randomly pop into existence can’t be a valid description of the universe. That might seem obvious, but such conscious observers, called Boltzmann ...

Statistical physics is a combination of the law of large numbers and the laws of mechanics. Developed at the turn of the twentieth century by Boltzmann and Gibbs, the theory has been extremely ...

Explore the Boltzmann Brain paradox and its challenge to entropy-driven explanations of our universe's structure and arrow of time. The Boltzmann Brain paradox is an argument against the idea that the ...

The Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution describes the probability distribution of molecular speeds in a sample of an ideal gas. Introduced over 150 years ago, it is based on the work of Scottish physicist ...